The publication of Futurist Manifesto in 1909 under the leadership of poet and critic Filippo Tommaso Marinetti effectively launched this Italian avant-garde group in northern industrial Italy. Futurism extended from that year through the late 1930s in artistic expression ranging from fashion, furniture, film and photography to architecture, theater, music and typography.
Futurist designers´ greatest contributions included their posters, renderings of 1920s city skylines, and creative typographical forms. Marinetti and others most notably developed Parole in Liberta (¨Words in Freedom¨) a free-flowing, dynamic typographical layout with contrastingly sized and emphasized letters. Futurists thrilled by the spirit of change, embraced the dynamism of industrialization and modern city living and represented their passion for speed in the racing car, a symbol of national pride and competitiveness.