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Herbert Bayer Biography
Herbert Bayer was intimately involved in the bauhaus in the 1920s and 30s: first as a student, and then as one of its directors. emigrating to the united states in 1938, bayer enthusiastically practiced bauhaus principles for over 60 years. creating pioneering works in painting, sculpture, environmental works, industrial design, typography, architecture, photography, and applied design, bayer was one of the few "total artists" of the twentieth century. he produced works which expressed the needs of an industrial age as well as mirroring the advanced tendencies of the avant-garde.
Bayer designed numerous exhibitions for the museum of modern art, including bauhaus: 1919-1928, road to victory (directed by edward steichen), airways to peace and art in progress. relocating to aspen in 1946 with the encouragement of walter paepcke, bayer became the design consultant for the development of aspen as a ski resort and cultural center, and architect for the aspen institute of humanistic studies. he was also a consultant to the container corporation of america where he conceived of great ideas of western man and world geo-graphic atlas. bayer also completed the first recorded "earthwork" environment: entitled grass mound in 1955.
During his lifetime, Bayer had over 150 one-man exhibitions and seven travelling museum retrospectives throughout the united states and europe. in addition, there have been over 100 books, articles, essays, museum catalogues, and films dealing exclusively with Bayer's creative oeuvre. Bayer's works are included in over 40 public collections including the whitney museum, Guggenheim museum, and the museum of modern art, New York, and numerous major museB archiv in Berlin, the Bayer archive at denver art museum, as well as a fine collection of works at the busch-reisinger museum at Cambridge.
Selected Solo Exhibitions
1929 Kunstlerbund Marz, Linz, Austria.
Galerie Povolozky, Paris.
1931 Bauhaus, Dessau.
1936 Kunstverein, Salzburg.
1937 London Gallery, London.
1939 Black Mountain College, Black Mountain, North Carolina.
P.M. Gallery , New York City.
1940 Art Gallery, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut.
1943 Willard Gallery, New York City.
North Texas State Teachers College, Denton, Texas.
1944 Outline Gallery, Pittsburgh.
1947-49 Retrospective: "The Way Beyond Art." Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island.
Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts Institute of Design, Chicago.
Colorado Springs Fine Arts Center, Colorado Springs, Colorado.
Joslyn Art Museum, Omaha, Nebraska .
Boise Art Museum, Boise, Idaho: Boseman Museum, Boseman, Montana.
Portland Art Museum, Portland, Oregon; Seattle Art Museum, Seattle, Washington.
San Francisco Museum of Art, San Francisco.
1952 Cleveland Institute of Art, Cleveland.
1953 Hanns Schaeffer Galleries, New York City.
1954 Kunstkabinett Klihm, Munich.
Galleria del Milione, Milan.
1955 Aspen Institute for Humanistic Studies, Aspen.
1956-57 Retrospective: "Herbert Bayer: 33 Jahres Seines Schaffens." Germanisches
Nationalmuseum, Nuremberg.
Die Neue Sammlung, Munich
Kunstgewerbemuseum, Zurich
Hochschule fur Bildende Kunste, Berlin.
Stadtisches Museum, Braunschweig.
Kunst und Industrie Museum, Vienna.
1957 Kunstkabinett Klihm, Munich.
1958 "Recent Works of Herbert Bayer." Fort Worth Art Center, Fort Worth, Texas.
Walker Art Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma.
1959 Kunstkabinett Klihm, Munich.
1960 Stadtische Kunsthalle, Dusseldorf.
Museum am Ostwall, Dortmund.
1961 Bauhaus-Archiv, Darmstadt.
1962-63 Retrospective: "Herbert Bayer. Paintings, Architecture, Graphics." Stadtisches
Kunstmuseum, Duisberg.
Roswell Museum and Art Center, Roswell, New Mexico
Colorado Springs Fine Arts Center, Colorado Springs, Colorado. The Art Gallery, University of California at Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California.
La Jolla Museum of Art, La Jolla, California.
Joslyn Art museum, Omaha, Nebraska
Memorial Art Gallery of the University of Rochester, Rochester, New York
Galleria del Levante, Milan.
Kunstkabinett Klihm, Munich.
1963 Andrew Morris Gallery, New York City.
Neue Galerie, Linz, Austria.
1964 Aspen Institute for Humanistic Studies, Aspen.
1965 Byron Gallery, New York City.
Esther Robles Gallery, Los Angeles.
Boise Art Association, Boise, Idaho.
1966 Scudder Gallery, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire.
1967 Galerie Klihm, Munich.
Galerie Conzen, Dusseldorf.
Philadelphia Art Alliance, Philadelphia.
1968 Marlborough New London Gallery, London.
1969 The Art Gallery, University of California at Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara,
California. "Two Visions of Space" (joint exhibition with Ingeborg ten Haeff), the Hudson River
Museum, Yonkers, New York.
1970 Dunkelman Gallery, Toronto.
Germanisches Nationalmuseum, Nuremberg.
Galerie Conzen, Dusseldorf.
1971 Marlborough Gallery, New York.
Centre Culturel Allemand, Paris.
Goethe-Institute, Paris.
Die Neue Sammlung, Munich.
Osterreichisches Museum fur Angewandte Kunst, Vienna.
1972 Marlborough Gallery, Montreal.
Galerias Mer-kup, Mexico City, D.F.
1973 Retrospective: "Herbert Bayer. Fotografien. Fotomontagen. 1926-1937."
Landesbildstelle, Hamburg.
Kaiser Wilhelm Museum, Krefeld: Fotohistorisches Museum, Leverkusen.
Saarland Museum, Saarbrucken.
Retrospective: "Herbert Bayer. A Total Concept." The Denver Art Museum, Denver,
Colorado.
1974 Marlborough Galerie, Zurich.
Galerie Klihm, Munich.
Small Traveling Retrospective: Galerie Nachst St. Stephan, Vienna
Galerie im Taxis Palais, Innsbruck
Neue Galerie am Landesmuseum Joanneum, Graz, Austria.
1974-75 Traveling Exhibition: "Herbert Bayer. Lithographs and Screenprints. 1969-1973." Marlborough Graphics, New York City.
Benjamin Mangel Gallery, Bala Cynwyd, Pennsylvania.
Malvina Miller Gallery, San Francisco.
Van Straaten Gallery, Chicago
Hokin Gallery, Palm Beach, Florida.
Collaborative Gallery, Los Angeles.
Desmond Muirhead Galleries, Newport Beach, California.
Michael Berger Gallery, Pittsburgh.
1974-78 Retrospective: "Herbert Bayer. Das Druckgrafische Werk bis 1971." Haus
Deutscher Ring, Hamburg.
Landesmuseum fur Kunst und Kulturgeschichte, Munster.
Museum Wiesbaden, Wiesbaden.
Bauhaus-Archiv, Berlin
Kunstgewerbemuseum, Zurich.
Museum Bochum, Bochum, Germany
Hochschule fur Gestaltung, Offenbach, Germany.
Museo Nacional de Machado do Castro, Coimbra, Portugal.
Museo Nacional de Soares dos Reis, Porto, Portugal.
Museo Espanol del Arte Contemporaneo, Madrid
Museo del Arte Moderno, Barcelona.
1975 Marlborough Gallery, Toronto.
Art Contacto Galleria, Caracas, Venzuela.
1976 Retrospective:"Herbert Bayer. Beispiele aus dem Gesamtwerk 1919-1974." Die
Neue Galerie, Linz, Austria.
Marlborough Gallery, New York City.
1977 Retrospective: Santa Barbara Museum of Art, Santa Barbara, California.
Marian Locks Gallery, Philadelphia.
1977-78 Retrospective: "Herbert Bayer: From Type to Landscape" (traveling exhibition
sponsored by the American Federation of Arts). Hopkins Center, Dartmouth
College, Hanover, New Hampshire. Santa Barbara Museum of Art, Santa Barbara, California.
The Art Gallery, State University of New York.
The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas.
Georgia Museum of Art, University of Georgia, Athen, Georgia.
Retrospective: "Herbert Bayer: Photogaraphic Works" (traveling exhibition organized
by ARCO Center for Visual Art.) ARCO Center for Visual Art, Los Angeles.
Museum of Modern Art, New York City.
Fine Arts Gallery, San Diego, California.
Portland Art Museum, Porland, Oregon.
South Dakota Memorial Art Center, Brookings, South Dakota.
Witte Memorial Museum, San Antonio, Texas.
University of Art Gallery, Arlington,Texas.
University of Iowa Museum of Art, Iowa City, Iowa.
Center for Creative Photography , University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona.
Center for the Arts, Simon Fraser university, Burnaby, British Columbia.
San Francisco Museum of Modern Art, San Francisco.
Davidson Art Center, Wesleyan University, Middletown, Connecticut.
Baltimore Museum of Art, Baltimore, Maryland.
1978 Galerie Klihm, Munich.
Museum Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
1979 Marlborough Gallery, New York .
Galerie Breiting, Berlin.
1980 Inaugural Exhibition of the Herbert Bayer Archive. Denver Art Museum, Denver,
Colorado.
Die Neue Galerie, Linz, Austria.
Inaugural exhibition of the Herbert Bayer Collection.
The Breakers Seminar Building, Atlantic Richfield Company, Santa Barbara,
California.
1981 Aspen Center for the Visual Arts, Aspen.
Galerias Mer-kup, Mexico City, D.F. Ruth Schaffner Gallery, Santa Barbara, California.
"Herbert Bayer: A Selected Survey. Paintings. Sculpture. Photographs." Grapestake
Gallery, San Francisco.
1982 Marlborough Gallery, New York City
"The Photography of Herbert Bayer." The Keystone Gallery, Santa Barbara, California.
"Herbert Bayer. Sixty Years of Paintings." Denver Art Museum, Denver, Colorado.
"Herbert Bayer. Photographic Works." Galleria, The Arizona Bank, Phoenix, Arizona.
1983 Galerie Thomas, Munich.
Saidenberg Gallery, New York.
Janus Gallery, Los Angeles.
1995 "Bauhaus and Beyond." Kent Gallery, New York
1997 "The Aspen Years." Kent Gallery, New York
1999 Herbert Bayer: the total artist. Smallworks Gallery, Las Vegas, Nevada
Selected Public Exhibitions
Bauhaus- Archiv, Berlin.
Staatliche Museen Preussicher Kulturbesitz Nationalgalerie, Berlin.
Schubladen Museum, Bern, Switzerland.
Museum Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
Busch-Risinger Museum, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
Fogg Art Museum, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
Museum Ludwig, Cologne, Germany.
Wallraf-Rachartz Museum, Cologne, Germany.
Colorado Springs Fine Arts Center, Colorado Springs, Colorado.
Bayer Archive, Denver Art Museum, Denver, Colorado.
Stadtische Sammlungen Duisberg-Rheinhausenn, Duisberg, Germany.
Wilhelm-Lehmbruck-Museum der Stadt, Duisberg, Germany.
Folkwang Museum, Essen, Germany.
Evansville Museum of Arts and Science, Evansville, Indiana.
Fort Worth Art Center, Fort Worth, Texas.
Kunsthalle, Hamburg, Germany.
Landesgalerie, Hannover, Germany.
Staatsgemaldesammlung, Museum, Kassel, Germany.
Stadtisches Museum Leverkunsen, Leverkusen, Germany.
Stadtische Kunsthalle, Mannheim, Germany.
Museum of Modern Art, Mexico City, D.F.
Bayerische Staatsgemaldesammlung, Munich, Germany.
Landesmuseum fur Kunst und Kulturgeschichte, Munster, Germany.
Guggenheim Museum, New York City.
Museum of Modern Art, New York City.
Whitney Museum of American Art, New York City.
Germanisches National Museum, Nuremberg, Germany.
Oklahoma Art Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.
Aldrich Museum of Contemporary Art, Ridgefield, Connecticut.
Museum of Modern Art, Rome.
Roswell Museum and Art Center, Roswell, New Mexico.
Saarland Museum, Saarbrucken, Germany.
San Francisco Museum of Modern Art, San Francisco.
Santa Barbara Museum of Art, Santa Barbara, California.
Staatsgalerie, Stuttgart, Germany.
Museum des 20. Jahrhunderts, Vienna.
Museum Wiesbaden, Wiesbaden, Germany.
Hudson River Museum, Yonkers, New York.
Bayer Photographic Archive, Center for Creative Photography, University of Arizona,
Tuscon.